Okay, I must have had a brain fart.  The center shaft is part of the table itself, and the outer ring is the inner race of the bearing.  Using my HF wheel puller, I pressed the shaft out of the bearing and it all popped apart.  It actually pressed out quite easily, once I broke the bond of the dried protective grease in there.

The gear does show some wear, mostly because I've really pushed the limits of this little table.  It had no Loctite (or whatever they use in India), but it did have a tiny key.  In the picture below you can see where it went into the boss (red spot), and the key itself appears to be, of all things, a nail.  Yes, a finish nail.

   

I'll use some of my expired* loctite and pin it again, this time both sides of the gear.  And I'm even going to use a finish nail to maintain that authentic Indian sweatshop originality.  Nothing like a project in the middle of a project to make things interesting.  I guess I was short on my frustration quota this month. 
 




*The Loctite I have is retaining compound 35.  Which hasn't existed for at least two decades and is now known by #635.  It still works just fine for anything I've used it on.  It is the "you'd better be damn sure" stuff, because I've never been successful at removing a part when I've used it.